Procedures Overview

Procedures

Knee Arthroscopy

Overview

Knee arthroscopy is a minimally invasive surgical procedure used to diagnose and treat a variety of knee conditions. Using a small camera (arthroscope) and specialized instruments, the surgeon can address issues such as meniscus tears, cartilage damage, ligament injuries, and loose bodies with minimal disruption to surrounding tissues.

Indications for Knee Arthroscopy

Meniscus Tears

  • The meniscus is a C-shaped cartilage structure that cushions the knee joint. Tears can cause pain, swelling, and mechanical symptoms such as locking or catching.

  • Procedures: Partial meniscectomy (removal of the torn portion) or meniscus repair (suturing the tear).

Cartilage Damage (Chondral Injuries)

  • Articular cartilage damage can lead to pain and joint degeneration.

  • Procedures: Debridement (smoothing rough cartilage), microfracture (stimulating cartilage healing), or cartilage restoration techniques.

Ligament Injuries

  • Minor ligament injuries can sometimes be addressed arthroscopically.

  • Procedures: Limited arthroscopic procedures may assist in diagnosing or treating partial ACL or PCL injuries, though full ligament reconstructions typically require additional techniques.

Loose Bodies and Synovitis

  • Floating cartilage fragments or inflamed synovial tissue can cause pain and swelling.

  • Procedures: Removal of loose bodies or synovectomy to address chronic inflammation.

The Procedure

Knee arthroscopy is performed through small incisions, with a camera providing a magnified view of the joint. Specialized instruments allow for precise treatment of the identified pathology. The procedure is typically performed on an outpatient basis, meaning patients go home the same day.

Recovery Process

  • Initial Phase (0-2 Weeks): Rest, ice, compression, and elevation (RICE) are emphasized to reduce swelling.

  • Intermediate Phase (2-6 Weeks): Physical therapy focuses on restoring range of motion and strength.

  • Advanced Phase (6+ Weeks): Progressive strengthening and return to activity, with return to sports depending on the procedure performed.

Risks and Considerations

  • Potential risks include infection, blood clots, stiffness, and persistent pain, though complications are rare.

  • The success of knee arthroscopy depends on the specific condition being treated, and patients with advanced arthritis may have less predictable outcomes.

Conclusion

Knee arthroscopy is an effective and minimally invasive procedure for a variety of knee conditions. If you are experiencing persistent knee pain, swelling, or mechanical symptoms, contact our office for a comprehensive evaluation and personalized treatment plan.